If bronchitis is bacterial in nature, then antibacterial therapy is prescribed to treat it. Before prescribing antibiotics, it is necessary to identify the type of pathogen and make sure that it is not resistant to the drug.
Doctors often recommend Tsiprolet for bronchitis. The peculiarity of the drug is that pathogenic microorganisms rarely develop resistance to it.
Composition of the drug Tsiprolet
Bronchitis is a disease of the respiratory tract, with inflammation localized in the bronchi. Pathology occurs in different forms and has different causes. In half of the cases, the inflammation is infectious. Relapses, purulent sputum production, and severe deterioration of the condition are observed.
Tsiprolet is one of the antibacterial drugs prescribed for inflammation of the bronchi. The active component of the antibiotic is Ciprofloxacin, its concentration depends on:
- tablets – 250, 500 mg;
- solution for injection – 2 mg per 1 ml;
- eye drops – 3 mg per 1 ml.
In addition to the main component, the antibiotic contains a number of substances:
- magnesium stearate;
- corn starch;
- cellulose;
- sodium hydroxide;
- talc;
- silicon dioxide
The composition depends on the form of the drug and the manufacturer. There is an antibiotic on the pharmaceutical market called Ciprolet A. The combination drug contains, in addition to ciprofloxacin, tinidazole.
Mechanism of action of the drug
Tsiprolet belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones and is an antibacterial drug with a wide range of effects. Its main active ingredient is ciprofloxacin. This chemical compound has the ability to penetrate the DNA structure of the cells that cause the infection, thereby disrupting the vital functions of bacteria, their ability to subsequently reproduce and develop. The result of this influence is the death of harmful microorganisms.
Tsiprolet tablets have a complex effect, effectively destroying microbes that are both at the reproduction stage and in the resting phase. The spectrum of negative effects of this medicine extends to almost all types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, most of the anaerobic pathogens. The instructions for use of Tsiprolet state that its main active component actively eliminates bacterial microflora that are resistant to other antibiotics, for example, the nitrofuran or sulfonamide series. Resistance of microbes to this medicine appears only after a long period of time.
What effect does it have on the body?
Tsiprolet is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the group of fluoroquinolones of synthetic origin. This second generation antibacterial drug has the following properties:
- It has a powerful bactericidal effect that allows you to eliminate microbes of different types.
- Easily penetrates tissues and cells.
- Positive changes are observed 1-2 hours after taking the medicine. A high concentration of the product can be observed after 1.5 hours.
- With long-term use of the drug, pathogenic microorganisms do not develop resistance to it.
- The drug has a bactericidal effect on the body for 12 hours.
- Beneficial microorganisms are preserved.
Penetrating into the body, the active components block the synthesis of an enzyme that promotes the development and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms. The infection cannot survive and dies. Ciprofloxacin has a destructive effect on both reproducing bacteria and those that are dormant.
After the medicine enters the body, it is absorbed into the intestines and then penetrates the bloodstream and tissues affected by infectious agents. At the end of the action, the drug is excreted through the intestines.
Tsiprolet film-coated tablets 500 mg 10 pcs. in St. Petersburg
Drugs that cause prolongation of the OT interval
Caution should be exercised when simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin as well as other fluoroquinolones in patients receiving drugs that cause prolongation of the QT interval (for example, class IA and III antiarrhythmic drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics).
Chelation formation
Simultaneous intake of tablet forms of ciprofloxacin and cation-containing preparations of mineral supplements containing calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron sucralfate, antacids, polymeric phosphate compounds (sevelamer lanthanum carbonate) and drugs with a large buffer capacity (such as didanosine tablets) containing magnesium, aluminum or calcium reduces the absorption of ciprofloxacin. In such cases, ciprofloxacin should be taken either 1-2 hours before or 4 hours after taking these drugs.
This restriction does not apply to drugs belonging to the class of H2-histamine receptor blockers.
Intake of food and dairy products
The simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and dairy products or drinks fortified with minerals (milk, yogurt, calcium-fortified orange juice) should be avoided since the absorption of ciprofloxacin may be reduced. However, calcium contained in other foods does not significantly affect the absorption of ciprofloxacin.
Omeprazole
With the combined use of ciprofloxacin and omeprazole, a slight decrease in plasma Cmax and a decrease in the area under the concentration-time pharmacokinetic curve (AUC) may be observed.
Theophylline
The simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and drugs containing theophylline may cause an undesirable increase in the concentration of theophylline in the blood plasma and, accordingly, the occurrence of theophylline-induced adverse events; in very rare cases, these adverse events can be life-threatening for the patient. If the simultaneous use of these two drugs is necessary, it is recommended to constantly monitor the concentration of theophylline in the blood plasma and, if necessary, reduce the dose of theophylline.
Other xanthine derivatives
The simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and caffeine or pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) may lead to an increase in the concentration of xanthine derivatives in the blood serum.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The combination of very high doses of quinolones and some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (excluding acetylsalicylic acid) can provoke seizures.
Cyclosporine
With the simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and drugs containing cyclosporine,
short-term transient increase in plasma creatinine concentration. In such cases, it is necessary to determine the concentration of creatinine in the blood twice a week.
Oral hypoglycemic agents
With the simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and oral hypoglycemic agents, mainly sulfonylureas (for example, glibenclamide glimepiride), the development of hypoglycemia may be due to an increase in the effect of oral hypoglycemic agents.
Probenecid
Probenecid slows down the rate of excretion of ciprofloxacin by the kidneys. The simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and drugs containing probenecid leads to an increase in the concentration of ciprofloxacin in the blood serum.
Phenytoin
With the simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and phenytoin, a change (increase or decrease) in the content of phenytoin in the blood plasma was observed. It is recommended to monitor phenytoin therapy in patients taking both drugs, including determining the level of phenytoin in the blood plasma.
Methotrexate
With the simultaneous use of methotrexate and ciprofloxacin, the renal tubular transport of methotrexate may slow down, which may be accompanied by an increase in the concentration of methotrexate in the blood plasma. This may increase the likelihood of developing side effects of methotrexate. In this regard, patients receiving concomitant therapy with methotrexate and ciprofloxacin should be closely monitored.
Tizanidine
As a result of a clinical study involving healthy volunteers, the simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and drugs containing tizanidine revealed an increase in the concentration of tizanidine in the blood plasma: an increase in Cmax by 7 times (from 4 to 21 times) an increase in AUC by 10 times (from 6 to 24 times). Hypotensive and sedative side effects are associated with increased serum concentrations of tizanidine. Therefore, the simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin and drugs containing tizanidine is contraindicated.
Duloxetine
During clinical studies, it was shown that the simultaneous use of duloxetine and potent inhibitors of the CYP450 1A2 isoenzyme (such as fluvoxamine) may lead to an increase in the AUC and Cmax of duloxetine. Despite the lack of clinical data on possible interactions with ciprofloxacin, the likelihood of such an interaction can be anticipated when ciprofloxacin and duloxetine are used simultaneously.
Ropinirole
The simultaneous use of ropinirole and ciprofloxacin, a moderate inhibitor of the CYP450 1A2 isoenzyme, leads to an increase in the Cmax and AUC of ropinirole by 60 and 84%, respectively. Monitor for adverse effects of ropinirole during coadministration with ciprofloxacin and for a short time after completion of combination therapy.
Lidocaine
In a study on healthy volunteers, it was found that the simultaneous use of drugs containing lidocaine and ciprofloxacin, a moderate inhibitor of the CYP450 1A2 isoenzyme, leads to a decrease in the clearance of lidocaine by 22% when administered intravenously. Despite the good tolerability of lidocaine, when used simultaneously with ciprofloxacin, side effects may increase due to interaction.
Clozapine
With the simultaneous use of clozapine and ciprofloxacin at a dose of 250 mg for 7 days, an increase in serum concentrations of clozapine and N-desmethylclozapine was observed by 29% and 31%, respectively. The patient's condition should be monitored and, if necessary, the dosage regimen of clozann should be adjusted during its combined use with ciprofloxacin and for a short time after completion of combination therapy.
Sildenafil
With simultaneous use of ciprofloxacin at a dose of 500 mg and sildenafil at a dose of 50 mg in healthy volunteers, a 2-fold increase in Cmax and AUC of sildenafil was observed. In this regard, the use of this combination is possible only after assessing the benefit/risk ratio.
Vitamin K antagonists
The combined use of ciprofloxacin and vitamin K antagonists (for example, warfarin acenocoumarol fenprocoumon fluindone) may lead to an increase in their anticoagulant effect. The magnitude of this effect may vary depending on concomitant infections, age and general condition of the patient, so it is difficult to assess the effect of ciprofloxacin on increasing the international normalized ratio (INR). The INR should be monitored quite frequently during co-administration of ciprofloxacin and vitamin K antagonists and for a short time after completion of combination therapy.
Indications for use
The antibacterial agent Tsiprolet is suitable for the treatment of diseases caused by various types of infectious agents. The medicine is prescribed to combat the following pathogens:
- pneumococci;
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- hemophilus influenzae;
- enterobacteria;
- salmonella;
- chlamydia trachomatis and others.
Bronchitis is caused by a bacterial infection, the disease is one of the main indications for the use of Tsiprolet. The antibiotic is widely used to treat pathological processes:
- pneumonia;
- tracheitis;
- sinusitis;
- angina;
- cholecystitis, cholangitis;
- cystitis;
- prostatitis, urethritis;
- pyelonephritis;
- abscess, peritonitis;
- sepsis;
- gonorrhea;
- arthritis;
- caries, periodontitis.
Tsiprolet copes with infectious pathologies of the skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, ENT organs, eyes. This antibiotic also helps with some STDs. The drug is effective against colds and flu if they are complicated by the addition of bacteria.
In opposite situations, when the disease is viral or fungal in nature, ciprofloxacin will not help.
Indications
Ciprofan tablets - what do they help with? This antibiotic is used for the treatment of complicated or uncomplicated bacterial infections that are caused by strains of microorganisms sensitive to ciprofloxacin. The remedy is indicated for the following diseases:
- urinary tract infections;
- bacterial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract;
- sepsis;
- pathologies of ENT organs, especially in case of infection with staphylococcal microflora and gram-negative bacteria, including the Pseudomonas type;
- peritonitis;
- infectious lesions of the respiratory system (for example, pneumonia), if they are caused by Enterobacter, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Haemophilus influenzae, Legionella or microbes of the Branhamella, Pseudomonas species;
- inflammatory infectious diseases of the genital organs in men and women (prostatitis, adnexitis);
- infections of the musculoskeletal system and skin;
- some sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea);
- bacterial lesions of the eyelid and conjunctiva of the eyes;
- therapy and prevention of infections in patients with low immunity (for example, with neutropenia or after treatment with immunosuppressive drugs).
Select equipment
A single dosage of solution for injection is 200-400 mg. For bacterial conjunctivitis, blepharitis and other ophthalmological diseases, Tsiprolet drops should be instilled into both eyes every 4 hours. The duration of therapy is determined individually, the course of treatment takes no more than 10 days.
Take the tablets before meals with plenty of water. The more water you drink while taking the antibiotic, the better, since the liquid prevents the deposition of salts in the excretory tract.
During the period of bearing a child and breastfeeding, Tsiprolet can be taken as a last resort, when the benefit to the mother significantly outweighs the harm to the child. If an antibiotic is used during lactation, transfer the baby to artificial feeding for the duration of therapy.
If the patient has kidney problems, the dosage of the drug should be halved. If you miss a dose, you should take the medicine sooner.
Dosage and methods of application
The antibiotic Tsiprolet is prescribed by a doctor after examining the patient. The dose of the drug is selected based on the type of infection, the severity of the disease and the patient’s condition. The dosage regimen is also influenced by the functional ability of the urinary organs and the person’s body weight (when used in adolescence and childhood).
For the most severe cases of infection and when it is impossible to take the medication in tablet form, Tsiprolet is prescribed in the form of infusion solutions. Then the intravenous infusions of the drug are gradually stopped, and the patient switches to internal administration of the medication. The tablets do not need to be chewed; they simply need to be swallowed whole and washed down with a small amount of water. Take Tsiprolet, regardless of food intake, 500-750 mg twice a day.
The duration of therapy depends on the severity of the pathology and can vary from 3 to 21 days. Usually the doctor prescribes the use of this antibiotic for a period of 7 to 14 days.
Contraindications
Tsiprolet is an antibacterial agent, so it has a number of contraindications that you should be aware of before starting therapy. The active substance can penetrate the placenta and into breast milk, so you cannot take the antibiotic during pregnancy and lactation. It is prohibited to treat bronchitis with this drug even if the body is hypersensitive to the components of the drug.
The medicine should not be used in the presence of the following conditions:
- pseudomembranous colitis;
- deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
- pathologies of the liver, kidneys;
- heart failure.
The drug should be used with caution if you have the following health problems:
- epilepsy;
- cerebral atherosclerosis;
- cerebrovascular accident;
- psychical deviations;
- convulsive seizures.
If you have such pathologies, it is recommended to undergo an examination and consult a doctor. In old age, if possible, it is recommended to stop taking antibiotics and give preference to less powerful analogues.
You should not drink Tsiprolet as a child; you should start taking the antibacterial agent at the age of 18, when the skeletal system is fully formed.
In some cases, the medicine can be prescribed in small doses from the age of 15.
Adverse reactions
Tsiprolet is well tolerated and rarely causes complications. However, sometimes it can still lead to side effects:
- headache, dizziness;
- nausea, vomiting;
- sleep disturbance;
- dyspeptic disorders;
- allergic reaction (urticaria, itchy skin);
- heart rhythm disturbance;
- decreased blood pressure;
- decreased vision;
- increased anxiety, irritability.
In severe cases, convulsions, angioedema, and anaphylactic shock may develop. In the process of taking the drug, the activity of the body increases, which can cause impaired coordination of movements in patients with deviations in the activity of the central nervous system. Doctors do not recommend taking antibiotics before driving or handling small parts. In the blood, changes are observed such as a decrease in the number of red and white blood cells, as well as an increase in the concentration of eosinophils.
During treatment of bronchitis with Tsiprolet, the risk of tendon rupture increases. And the older the patient, the higher these risks. If you take glucocorticosteroids at the same time as an antibiotic and lead an active lifestyle. With prolonged use of tablets, bacteria that are insensitive to the effects of ciprofloxacin grow, provoking the development of candidiasis and acute intestinal inflammation.
It is important to follow the duration of the course of treatment prescribed by your doctor and not take the drug too often.
Special information
Tsiprolet is not effective against streptococci, so it is not prescribed for the treatment of pathologies caused by bacteria of this group. In case of severe infection by anaerobes and staphylococcal microflora, it is better to take the medication in combination with other antibiotics, which will help enhance the therapeutic effect of ciprofloxacin.
The instructions for Tsiprolet tablets indicate that this drug can have an effect on the patient’s body, changing the ability to concentrate. Therefore, it should not be used by transport drivers and persons servicing complex mechanisms and machines. It is unacceptable to use the medication in combination with alcohol. Tsiprolet is available only with a doctor's prescription.
Analogues of the drug
Tsiprolet is a highly effective drug that has many positive reviews. It is sold in almost any pharmacy, available without a prescription and has a low cost.
But if the drug is not suitable for any reason, then similar products can be used instead, the active ingredient of which is ciprofloxacin:
- Ciprolac;
- Quintor;
- Tsifran;
- Alcipro.
Before using any medication, please read its instructions, carefully study the contraindications, and consult a doctor.
Author: Glushko Raisa Therapist, pulmonologist, immunologist
