What is the process of applying a periodontal dressing? Why is this being done?

Periodontal diseases belong to the group of pathologies of the oral cavity, when hard and soft tissues surrounding the teeth are affected. The periodontium is a retainer that holds teeth in the jaw bones. Its condition affects the health of the entire oral cavity. The main symptoms manifest themselves in the form of bleeding, swelling, and sore gums. Common diseases of periodontal tissue include periodontal disease, gingivitis, and periodontitis.

To alleviate the patient's painful condition, non-surgical treatment is used. For this use:

• Injections;
• Applications;
• Bandages.

As a rule, dentists have ready-made sets of dressings at their disposal, or doctors make their own applications. They are applied to tissues to relieve pain and achieve an anti-inflammatory effect.

Mouthguard for athletes made of silicone

Such mouthguards are used to protect teeth in contact or extreme sports - football, hockey, boxing. Sports mouthguards are worn over the front teeth and reduce the strong physical impact not only on the teeth, but also on soft tissues and even the cervical spine.

Based on manufacturing methods, there are two types of sports mouthguards:

1. Standard sports mouth guard

Sold in any sports stores, made the same for everyone.

2. Individual sports mouth guard.

It is made individually for a specific person using impressions of his teeth, taking into account their anatomical shape. They cost much more, but are also much more convenient, since they fit on the teeth “like family.”

Dental mouth guard

Unlike a sports mouthguard, which is used only for impact protection, a dental mouthguard has a wider range of applications. A dental mouth guard is made from special plastic materials – silicone or polyurethane.

The convenience of the mouth guard is that it can be used to solve many problems - from therapeutic to orthodontic treatment. And at the same time, the mouthguards are convenient to use - the patient can take them off and put them on himself, according to the schedule established by the attending physician.

Orthodontic dental guards

These aligners are used to correct malocclusions. At the moment, there are several types of orthodontic aligners on the market from different manufacturers, including Star Smile aligners, the well-known aligners.

But not all orthodontic aligners are capable of solving serious bite problems; they only help to close the spaces between the teeth and correct minor curvatures.

Much has changed when Russian-made orthodontic mouthguards or aligners from the Star Smile company appeared; they became serious competitors to braces, since they can correct almost all defects in the development of bite.

Electrophoresis with Fermenkol

Drug electrophoresis is a common method of physiotherapeutic treatment, in which various medications are administered through the skin or mucous membranes under the influence of an electric current. Electrophoresis is one of the safest methods of drug therapy.

Electrophoresis is tolerated equally well by people of any age. The therapeutic effect consists of a simultaneous positive effect on the body of electric current and medicinal substances that enter the body in the form of charged particles that are significantly more active than uncharged molecules. A drug depot (reserve) is created in the skin and subcutaneous fat, significantly increasing the exposure time of the drugs.

Electrophoresis with Fermenkol is the most effective method of introducing collagenase enzymes into scar tissue. Constant electrical voltage allows the introduction of enzyme solutions applied to therapeutic electrodes into deep areas of scar tissue.

Electrophoresis in a physiotherapy room

Electrophoresis with Fermenkol at home

The modern pace of life and lack of free time do not always allow us to constantly visit a specialist to take care of our appearance, losing precious hours on the road and in line at the office. You can take care of your skin on your own, without the help of a physiotherapist or cosmetologist.

After only 7-10 electrophoresis procedures, it will become noticeable that the scars turn pale, decrease in size and volume, become less dense and more elastic, itching completely disappears or decreases, and normal skin color returns.

The Elfor and Nevoton devices are simple and reliable to use and allow you to carry out electrophoresis procedures with the anti-scar agent Fermenkol at home .

"Elfor" is intended for the correction of scars on the body and limbs, for example, the abdomen, chest, lower leg . The procedure should be carried out in a lying position. It is necessary to strictly follow the operating instructions for the Elfor device.

When performing electrophoresis with the Elfor apparatus, a napkin moistened with the Fermenkol solution prepared from the kit is applied to the scarred area of ​​the skin, a pad with a positively charged electrode is placed on top, and a napkin moistened with water and a pad with a negative electrode are placed according to the diagrams specified in the instruction manual for apparatus. The electrodes are secured with the supplied elastic bandage.

"Nevoton" is used to correct small scars, mainly on the face , as well as in hard-to-reach areas, for example, the hands and armpits .

During electrophoresis with the Nevoton apparatus, Fermencol gel is applied to the problem area of ​​the skin and the positively charged active part of the electrode is moved along the scar with slowly progressive and circular movements. The procedure can be performed in a sitting or lying position. It is necessary to strictly follow the operating instructions for the Nevoton device.

The bipolar electrode of the Nevoton-AK 201 device is designed for individual use, thus the electrical circuit is closed and the active substance (in this case, collagenase enzymes) penetrates most deeply into the scar tissue. If the procedure is performed on a child, you need to make sure that he tightly clasps the passive part of the electrode with his hand, and clasps his hand on top with yours. Before performing the procedure on a child, parents should check the current strength on themselves (behind the ear or on the wrist); the tingling sensation should not cause discomfort.

Fermenkol + Electrophoresis - double power against scars!

kits for scar correction at home that are convenient for you . There is a discount when purchasing sets.

Fermenkol promotes : In addition to the scar remedy Fermenkol and the Elfor or Nevoton electrophoresis apparatus, the kit includes a power source that will ensure uninterrupted operation of the device and will save money and time on finding and replacing batteries.

• destruction of the main components of the scar: collagen and hyaluronic acid;
• deep hydrolysis of excess collagen in scar tissue;
• reducing the thickness of the epidermis and dermis of scarred skin;
• the onset of the Anti-scarring Effect in the shortest possible time.

Electrophoresis with Fermenkol is used to correct scar lesions in various areas.

Contraindications to electrophoresis

Acute infectious diseases and febrile conditions. The period of exacerbation of cardiovascular and other severe somatic diseases. Malignant neoplasms. Presence of an implanted pacemaker. Individual intolerance to direct current. Systemic blood diseases. Hemorrhagic syndromes. Bleeding and tendency to bleed. Metal implants. Acute dermatitis, skin damage in the area where electrodes are applied. Presence of an artificial pacemaker. Individual intolerance to collagenases. Atrophic scars.

Methodological recommendations

Electrophoresis of the drug Fermenkol in the treatment of skin scars in dermatology and surgery

Children's mouth guards for proper teething

These are silicone overlays for teeth, which are also called, among others. retainers, trainers. They are called teething mouthguards because they are most often used during the period of change of baby teeth to molars in children aged six to ten years.

The main purpose of teething trays or teething guides is to correct the position of the jaws and align the position of the child’s incisors during the period of early mixed dentition. They are worn for several hours during the day and all night while sleeping. The treatment period is approximately one year; during treatment, it is necessary to periodically visit an orthodontist to monitor the changes occurring.

Also, during the period of mixed dentition, children's aligners are used - children's orthodontic aligners. Since 2022, such mouthguards have been produced by the Star Smile company.

Phonophoresis with Fermenkol

Phonophoresis is an effective and painless procedure during which medicinal substances are introduced into the skin using ultrasound. This therapeutic method has a number of advantages over the usual method of administering drugs into the body, because it allows the active substance to be administered directly to the problem area.

Phonophoresis with Fermenkol allows you to deliver collagenolytic enzymes to deep areas of scarred skin.

Phonophoresis in a physiotherapy room

Phonophoresis with Fermenkol at home

Efficiency and comfort are the main advantages of phonophoresis at home.
You no longer need to find time to make an appointment with a specialist, adjust your work schedule and sit in queues: Fermenkol in combination with the compact Reton device allows you to set up a phonophoresis room at home. After just 10-12 phonophoresis procedures, it will become noticeable that the scars turn pale, decrease in size and volume, become less dense and more elastic, the itching completely disappears or decreases, and normal skin color returns.

During phonophoresis with the Reton apparatus, Fermencol gel is applied to the problem area of ​​the skin and the head of the ultrasound emitter is moved slowly along the scar with progressive and circular movements. The procedure can be performed in a sitting or lying position. It is necessary to strictly follow the operating instructions for the device "

Teeth whitening trays

There are at-home teeth whitening systems that also use dental trays. Whitening trays can be customized, standard, or disposable. Before using any whitening system, you should visit your dentist to determine what is right for you and will not harm your tooth enamel.

An individual mouthguard is made personally for the patient based on impressions of his teeth. For whitening, a special gel is used that is placed inside the tray.

Whitening at home usually takes longer than at the dentist's office because the gel used at home contains less hydrogen peroxide.

The whitening procedure should be carried out strictly according to the instructions provided. The gel is placed on the inside of the mouth guard, after which the mouth guard is put on and specially pressed to distribute the gel evenly. After putting it on, rinse your mouth with water and wear the mouthguard exactly as long as the instructions say. After removing the whitening tray, you should also rinse your mouth with water.

Gels for self-application on teeth and gums

Gels intended for home applications comprise at least two different groups.

Gels containing fluoride

(up to 4000-12000 ppm fluoride ions), used
for applications to teeth
in order to intensify their secondary mineralization, remineralization and increase the resistance of enamel to acids. Often the gels are acidified, since the incorporation of fluoride into the enamel occurs more actively in a slightly acidic environment. They can be intended for individual use at home or for use in a dental office (Fig. 7). Thus, these means of local caries prevention relate to both personal dental care and medical dental prophylaxis.

Fluoride gels available for self-use

include neutral sodium gel (5000 ppm), stannous fluoride gel (1000 ppm). 1.23% sodium fluoride acidified phosphate gel (APF) has become widely used. Below is the classic composition of such a gel:

• sodium fluoride - 26.50 g
• sodium phosphate (dibasic) - 10.00 g
• phosphoric acid 50% (until pH = 3.2 is reached)
• 11.00 ml
• sodium carboxymethylcellulose - 28.00 g
• sodium saccharin - 500.00 mg
• flavoring – 10.00 ml
• distilled water - up to 1 l

In some European countries, topical gels are used as part of mandatory dental brushing programs (6–12 times a year) or are recommended for weekly home use in persons over 8 years of age. The concentration of fluoride in self-administered products is lower than that in products intended for professional use.

Applications are usually carried out not daily, but at certain intervals.

To carry out the application, the gel is applied to the teeth using a toothbrush or applicator for several minutes, after which the mouth is thoroughly rinsed. Application with gel applied to an impression tray or a special two-jaw plastic tray is more effective and safe. Many companies produce application spoons of various sizes for this purpose. It is more convenient to use individually made spoons. About 2.5 ml (5-10 drops) of gel is usually applied to an adult’s spoon (about 40% of the spoon’s capacity).

Gels for home use, just like toothpastes, can be involuntarily swallowed (according to various sources, from 15 to 100%, on average 30%), therefore the fluoride content in them corresponds to that in traditional fluoride-containing toothpastes. Gels with a high fluoride content can only be used in a clinical setting under the supervision of a physician and using a saliva ejector.

The duration of the application should not exceed 4 minutes. If you have porcelain dentures in your mouth,

which can be destroyed by acidic solutions and gels, they should be isolated (lubricated with Vaseline) before application. Before applying the gel, you must brush your teeth, 30 seconds after application, rinse your mouth with water or a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and do not drink or eat for 30 minutes.

Fluoride gels for individual and medical use are indicated in case of high intensity of caries, the presence of general and local cariogenic factors (in particular, according to WHO recommendations, orthodontic patients and in patients with xerostomia who are undergoing radiation therapy), the presence of foci of enamel demineralization on the teeth, and dental hyperesthesia.

Gels intended for application to the mucous membrane of the gums,

represent an extremely small group. These, in particular, include drugs with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory additives used before and after periodontal surgery.

This group also includes Oralbalance Gel, containing lactoperoxidase, glucose oxidase and xylitol. Like Biotene toothpaste, the gel replenishes the normal protective properties of saliva, reducing bacterial contamination. Due to the content of polyglyceryl methacrylate, the gel moisturizes tissue and is recommended for use in cases of xerostomia. The gel is applied to the tongue and gums. It is not recommended to combine with detergents.

Parodium gel (Pierre Fabre, France) contains chlorhexidine digluconate (0.02 g), Tangut rhubarb extract, which has an anti-inflammatory effect (0.20 g), formaldehyde (0.10 g) and is applied with a finger or a special applicator to the gums 3 times a day. day for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.

Dentim-gel (Mirra, Russia) contains biologically active substances isolated by cold extraction and biotechnological potentiation from a special collection of medicinal plants, lavender essential oil, and alcoholic extract of sweet clover. The gel has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and deodorizing effects and is recommended for application and gentle rubbing into the gums for preventive purposes in the presence of inflammatory processes in the periodontium.

Applications on teeth using trays

These mouth guards are used to restore and strengthen tooth enamel. A special composition is placed inside the mouthguard, thanks to which the teeth are remineralized.

There are two types of mouth guards for dental applications – standard and thermoplastic.

Thermoplastic ones react to heat and soften when placed in hot water, and harden when put on the teeth.

Gels containing fluorides (up to 4000-12000 ppm fluoride ions),

used for applications to teeth in order to intensify their secondary mineralization, remineralization and increase the resistance of enamel to acids. Often the gels are acidified, since the incorporation of fluoride into the enamel occurs more actively in a slightly acidic environment. They can be intended for individual use at home or for use in a dental office (Fig. 7). Thus, these topical caries prevention products are classified as both personal dental care products and medical dental prophylaxis products. Fluoride gels available for self-use include neutral sodium gel (5000 ppm), stannous fluoride gel (1000 ppm). ppm). 1.23% sodium fluoride acidified phosphate gel (APF) has become widely used.

Below is the classic composition of such a gel:

• sodium fluoride - 26.50 g,
• sodium phosphate (dibasic) - 10.00 g,
• phosphoric acid 50% (until pH = 3.2 is reached) - 11.00 ml,
• sodium carboxymethylcellulose - 28.00 g,
• sodium saccharin - 500.00 mg,
• flavoring – 10.00 ml,
• distilled water - up to 1 liter.

In some European countries, topical gels are used as part of mandatory dental brushing programs (6–12 times a year) or are recommended for weekly home use in persons over 8 years of age. The concentration of fluoride in products used independently is lower than their concentration in products intended for use by specialists. Applications are usually carried out not daily, but at certain intervals. To carry out the application, the gel is applied to the teeth using a toothbrush or applicator for several minutes, after which the mouth is thoroughly rinsed. Application with gel applied to an impression tray or a special two-jaw plastic tray is more effective and safe. Many companies produce application spoons of various sizes for this purpose. It is more convenient to use individually made spoons. About 2.5 ml (5-10 drops) of gel (about 40% of the spoon's capacity) is usually applied to an adult's spoon. Gels for home use, as well as toothpastes, can be involuntarily swallowed (according to various sources, from 15 to 100% , on average 30%), therefore the fluorine content in them corresponds to that in traditional fluoride-containing pastes. Gels with a high fluoride content can only be used in a clinical setting under the supervision of a physician and using a saliva ejector. The duration of application should not exceed 4 minutes. If there are porcelain dentures in the mouth, which can be destroyed by acidic solutions and gels, they should be isolated (lubricated with Vaseline) before application. Before applying the gel, you must brush your teeth, 30 seconds after application, rinse your mouth with water or a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate and do not drink or eat for 30 minutes. Fluoride gels for individual and medical use are indicated for high caries intensity, the presence of general and local cariogenic factors (in particular, according to WHO recommendations, orthodontic patients and in patients with xerostomia who are undergoing radiation therapy), the presence of foci of enamel demineralization on the teeth, and dental hyperesthesia.

Mouthguards for night teeth grinding

Bruxism or nighttime teeth grinding is one of the serious diseases that affects approximately 3% of the world's population. The reasons for this have not been fully identified, but the consequences can be very serious - from abrasion of tooth enamel to deformation of the jaw joints. Wearing special mouth guards allows you to protect your teeth from premature wear, relieve muscle tension, and reduce headaches. For the effect to be effective, the mouth guards should be worn for up to 10 hours a day.

Mouthguards for the treatment of teeth grinding are distinguished by the time of their use. There are day guards that are worn during the day; they are transparent and almost invisible.

There are night guards that you wear while you sleep. They may differ in shape from daily mouth guards, but are also comfortable and imperceptible in the mouth.

Retainer or mouthguard

After aligning the bite using braces or aligners, you must wear a special mouth guard or retainer that secures the result. In appearance, this tray looks like an aligner, only very, very smooth and even.

Retention aligners are made from special biopolymers; they are easy to use and almost invisible. These mouth guards are worn at night and worn for several hours during the day. The timing of wearing retainers is individual and depends on the degree of development of the malocclusion.

Wearing retaining trays after braces and aligners is mandatory, and this is the only way you can be sure that the teeth will not return to their original incorrect position.

Basic rules for gum care

To maintain teeth and healthy gums, you must follow several rules:

• General oral and dental hygiene should not last less than 5 minutes. You should brush your teeth three times a day.
• The gums usually begin to hurt at the base of the tooth, in the place where plaque has formed on the tooth. To prevent the formation of plaque, the teeth at the base must be cleaned with a rotating movement of the toothbrush so that its bristles penetrate into the interdental space and clean the gum at the entrance of the tooth.
• Your toothbrush should be changed every three months, and after the last brushing of your teeth, soak the brush in a disinfectant solution overnight.
• When brushing your teeth, be sure to clear your tongue of plaque. The fairly loose tissue of the tongue is a favorable environment for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria.
• If for any reason you are unable to brush your teeth, then you need to prepare an aqueous solution with baking soda or table salt.

Dental elixirs, which are made from extracts of medicinal herbs, help take care of your teeth. Such elixirs help to effectively clean the mouth and teeth.

Luminous decorative burls

Here manufacturers have a wide range of options, as they say - for every taste and color. And even light, which, thanks to technology, is now built into mouth guards.

Of course, in this case we are not talking about the benefits of mouth guards, but about entertainment. You can wear them to a disco or surprise others at a friendly party.

How to care for your mouthguards

Typically, mouthguards do not require special care. Modern dental mouth guards often just need to be rinsed with running water. Less often they need to be cleaned with toothpaste and a brush. When using orthodontic aligners, the doctor will definitely advise you on how to care for them.

Sports mouthguards require slightly different care and are stored in separate containers and periodically placed in a special solution to extend their life. Any sports mouthguard comes with its own instructions for use and care.

Application trays have their own service life and, as a rule, are not designed for long-term use.

It is enough to wash decorative mouth guards after use under running water, or, in extreme cases, with soap or brush them with a toothbrush.

How to purchase a mouth guard for dental protection or treatment

Standard sports mouthguards can be purchased at almost any sports store. If you are trying to find a quality product, then you should read reviews on various forums or contact a dentist to have custom mouth guards made. This is what all professional athletes do.

Mouthguards for teeth whitening and treatment of certain diseases can be purchased at the pharmacy. But before starting use, it is still better to consult an appropriate doctor to evaluate all possible treatment options and choose a safer and more effective one.

It is better to order mouth guards for teeth straightening individually from well-known and trusted manufacturers, so as not to waste money and not cause more harm to your health.

Gels intended for application to the mucous membrane of the gums,

represent an extremely small group. These, in particular, include drugs with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory additives used before and after periodontal surgery. This group also includes Oralbalance Gel, containing lactoperoxidase, glucose oxidase and xylitol. Like Biotene toothpaste, the gel replenishes the normal protective properties of saliva, reducing bacterial contamination. Due to the content of polyglyceryl methacrylate, the gel moisturizes tissue and is recommended for use in cases of xerostomia. The gel is applied to the tongue and gums. It is not recommended to combine with detergents. Parodium gel (Pierre Fabre, France) contains chlorhexidine digluconate (0.02 g), Tangut rhubarb extract, which has an anti-inflammatory effect (0.20 g), formaldehyde (0.10 g) and is applied with a finger or special applicator on the gums 3 times a day for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Dentim-gel (Mirra, Russia) contains biologically active substances isolated by cold extraction and biotechnological potentiation from a special collection of medicinal plants, lavender essential oil, alcoholic extract of sweet clover. The gel has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and deodorizing effects and is recommended for application and gentle rubbing into the gums for preventive purposes in the presence of inflammatory processes in the periodontium.

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