Blood clot after tooth extraction: features of socket healing

What do we do when a tooth is pulled out? Even under the office, many examine the traces of the operation, fearing for its consequences. The fear intensifies after the end of the painkillers: how long should the wound hurt, and when will the bleeding stop?

Blood clot after tooth extraction

On the first day, a blood clot appears at the site of the pulled out tooth - an important condition for high-quality wound healing. In order for recovery to proceed without serious consequences, it is important to know what the wound should look like during extraction, what should and should not be done with it during the recovery period.

A few words about the procedure

Tooth extraction is a full-fledged surgical procedure. The operation consists of four stages.

Treatment of the area around the tooth that is to be removed.
Anesthetic injections - ampoules in carpules, where an anesthetic is combined with drugs to constrict blood vessels. Usually local anesthesia is used in the area where the nerve that innervates the problem tooth exits; if this is not enough, anesthetics are added without additional effect. When the medicine is injected into the inflamed gum with an acidic environment, part of it is inactivated, so additional anesthesia is used.
Tooth extraction after the anesthesia has started working (the gums become numb, the blood vessels narrow). A scalpel is used to cut off the ligaments that fix the tooth. The choice of instruments and duration of the procedure depend on the condition of the tooth.
Treatment of the oral cavity after removal: sutures (if the wound is torn or its edges are located far from each other) and a gauze swab soaked in a hemostatic agent (it must be held in the teeth for 20 minutes, since the effectiveness of the hemostatic drug increases compression of the wound). Do not rush to remove the tampon.

Gum section

Preparing for removal

Removal of a tooth

Installing a tampon

Stitching

Bleeding from the hole itself does not pose a mortal danger. In medical practice, only one case of death was recorded when blood from a wound entered the respiratory tract because the patient was intoxicated. The bleeding was complicated by cirrhosis of the liver, which interferes with clotting, and the woman had three teeth removed at once.

Precautionary measures

A wisdom tooth has been removed and the wound is bleeding – what to do in such situations? Hemorrhagic syndrome can be prevented with the help of hemostatic drugs, provided there are no contraindications.

In the first days after the manipulation, you need to brush your teeth with extreme caution and do not eat hot or hard foods. You should not stick your tongue into the hole, as such actions can damage the clot.

You should also avoid physical activity, visit the sauna, and take hot baths.

Before the procedure, you need to accurately and truthfully answer all questions asked by the doctor, especially about taking anticoagulants, aspirin and the presence of pathogenic diseases. Women do not need to hide the presence of menstruation and the use of contraceptives.

If you have high blood pressure or problems with blood clotting, you must notify your dentist.

After operation

After three hours, the painkillers are still strong, so patients do not feel pain or it is mild. All this time, pure blood or ichor may be released from the hole. If a figure eight was removed, this can last all day, since the surgical area of the wisdom tooth is larger than that of other teeth.

Bleeding from the socket

On the second day, the hole has an unattractive appearance: a blood clot with a grayish coating. It looks like pus, but you shouldn’t be afraid of it: it’s fibrin, a substance that facilitates wound restoration. If everything goes well, the pain will be aching and will subside by the end of the day. If the nature of the pain is different - sharp, pulsating, and there is scarlet blood from the wound, you should urgently see a dentist.

At first, the hole may smell foul. There is no need to be afraid of this: blood accumulates there, and since it cannot be rinsed out, bacteria settle in the wound. If you feel normal, there is no fever, there is no reason to worry.

The rehabilitation process is normal if:

What medicine is put into the hole after tooth extraction?

when touching the wound, the ichor does not appear;
the aching pain gradually disappears;
feeling normal (temperature up to 38° is possible only in the first two hours);
swelling on the cheek decreases (if it was not there before extraction, it should not appear at all);
after 3 days the wound no longer bleeds.

2 weeks after removal

To reduce bleeding, you can make a tampon yourself. Positioning it so that the edges do not injure the blood clot, hold the napkin for half an hour. In the pharmacy chain you can buy a hemostatic sponge, which can be used in cases of heavy bleeding, for example, in liver failure.

Hemostatic sponge

The hole is closed with a hemostatic sponge.

You can take one or two tablets of Dicinone or Etamzilate (no more than 8 pieces per day).

Dicynone tablets

You cannot experiment with hydrogen peroxide: it reacts with blood components, destroying the blood clot and increasing blood flow.

In what cases should you seek medical help?

You should seek dental help after removing a figure eight in the following cases:

with constant bleeding, the abundance of which does not decrease;
with dizziness, severe headache and weakness;
with sharp and severe pain in the gum area;
with bloody discharge mixed with pus;
when the elevated temperature persists for several days.

Swelling and swelling after the procedure are not a cause for concern. But when such swelling does not go away, then for your own safety it is better to visit the clinic as soon as possible.

How does the healing process work?

Even if there are no complications, the wound heals completely within four to six months.

On the 2nd day, a blood clot appears in the socket - a protective gate against mechanical damage and infections.
If healing proceeds normally, on the third day you can already see granulation tissue at the operation site.
In the second week, the epithelium actively grows, and granulation tissue appears instead of a clot. Primary restoration of bone structures occurs.
In 2-3 weeks, it displaces the blood clot and bone tissue is visible around the perimeter.
Recreation of new tissues takes 30-45 days.
In about 60 days, the hole is closed by osteoid tissue impregnated with calcium.
After 4 months, the bone becomes an “adult”, with a porous structure.
When the bone is fully formed, the wound should resolve to a third of the length of the root.
After extraction, the gums atrophy and the process of subsidence continues for 6-12 months.

Stages of tissue healing after tooth extraction

Benefits of wisdom teeth removal at Beryozka

If you need to extract a wisdom tooth in Balashikha, we invite you to carry out such a procedure at the Beryozka clinic. Advantages of our dentists' services:

absolute painlessness and speed of manipulation are ensured by the professionalism and experience of dental surgeons;
During surgical interventions, the clinic’s specialists use modern anesthetics;
minimal trauma is achieved through the use of advanced technologies during operations, which prevents bleeding and promotes rapid healing of the wound surface.

Our clinic offers an objectively affordable cost for figure eight removal and each patient receives effective dental care.

What determines the rate of tissue regeneration?

The indicated time frames are indicative information, since the restoration process is influenced by many factors:

doctor's qualifications,
condition of the roots,
hygiene procedures,
gum health

If a tooth is removed during an exacerbation of the disease, healing slows down. A lacerated wound also tightens it, especially during operations on figure eights. Particular attention is paid to high-quality treatment after the procedure. If tooth fragments remain in the hole, they will interfere with the formation of a protective blood clot, and in the end everything will end in an inflammatory process, lengthening the recovery period.

Healing socket in place of a wisdom tooth

After removal, the surgeon will definitely give advice on proper care of the wound. If you ignore advice or follow it irregularly, complications are inevitable.

Since the blood clot covers the vulnerable hole, it is important not to disturb it. If you rinse immediately after visiting the dentist, you can wash it. An unprotected wound easily becomes infected.

Rinsing after tooth extraction is prohibited

If there are problems with changes in blood pressure, sometimes the wound bleeds for a long time. Once the blood pressure normalizes, bleeding usually stops.

Gums hurt

Often, after tooth extraction, the patient's gums hurt. Experts are confident that this is a natural reaction of the body to surgical trauma. In this case, the pain is moderate, but sometimes it indicates not only gum injury, but also inflammation. Medical statistics note that inflammation after tooth extraction occurs in 4% of operations. Gum pain as a result of inflammation becomes even more likely if not just one, but several hours of removal. How to determine whether a wound is healing? How to act in case of inflammation?

Normally, after a tooth is removed, a clot of dark blood forms in the socket, which over time acquires a white-yellow hue.

The duration of the pain depends on the level of injury and the appearance of inflammation; it usually hurts for no more than two days. The pain is much more serious if the inert tissue is severely damaged, which inevitably happens when cutting out bone using a bore. This surgical technique is used when it is necessary to remove a crown or extract a tooth in parts. In all other cases, prolonged pain indicates a medical error or problems in the body.

To relieve pain, the use of analgesics is allowed. Normally, they help a lot, but if the pill doesn’t work, this is evidence that the operation was performed incorrectly. Medical errors during tooth extraction occur frequently, especially in the following cases.

When sawing out bone using a drill. Modern dental standards require the use of drill tips with a cooling component. But in domestic dentistry, most dentists use tips without cooling. As a result, the patient receives a burn, as a result of which superficial necrosis develops, accompanied by acute pain. If the pain does not go away after using NSAIDs, and a blood clot does not form in the socket, you will have to go to the doctor again. The doctor will clean the hole from dead tissue, after this manipulation the patient’s condition will return to normal.
If there are sharp bones protruding from the socket. Such edges of protruding bones often injure the mucous membrane, especially if the bone is not completely covered by a clot in the socket. Most often, this problem occurs due to the fault of the surgeon who did not apply stitches to close the wound. The patient can independently determine the presence of cutting fragments by touching the tongue, as well as in case of severe pain when drinking drinks. In rare cases, bone fragments can be seen when examining the wound in the mirror.
With mobility of parts of the bone in the wound. Sometimes the dentist does not notice significant pieces of bone that were formed when the tooth was rocked. Such pieces often cause pain and inflammation in the socket. The problem can only be corrected with a second visit to the dentist.
Incorrect removal method. This is a common cause of complications after tooth extraction. Dentists have different experiences, so two doctors remove the same tooth in different ways. So, when removing, you can use forceps, but another doctor, to speed up the process, will divide the tooth into two halves and only then remove them.
Excessive use of anesthetic, leading to spasm of the blood vessels of the gums. As a result of such an error, the hole after the operation does not fill with blood and a clot does not form. In an empty socket, the bone is exposed and reacts painfully to touch.
The dentist did not apply stitches, which should be done even when removing some teeth with a single root. In the case of teeth with several roots, a suture is required in the vast majority of cases. A properly sutured wound reduces the intensity of pain and the likelihood of complications by half. With stitches, the wound heals much faster.
The dentist did not prescribe antibiotics. These drugs are not always prescribed, but in difficult cases, inflammation and acute pain cannot be avoided without them.

Do not start taking medications without discussing with your doctor, relying on the recommendations of friends or the Internet. The pain normally lasts no longer than a couple of days and should be moderate. If the pain does not subside, bone particles are felt in the hole, the wound reacts to liquid, or an unpleasant taste appears in the mouth, you should immediately contact the dentist who performed the operation or any other similar specialist.

Complications during extraction

All unfavorable conditions lead to alveolitis - inflammation that develops after infection of the wound. Most often, problems begin after a blood clot falls out. Sometimes a clot does not form at all.

Ear hurts after wisdom tooth removal

Alveolitis of the tooth socket

If you rinse your mouth, alveolitis is diagnosed after 1-3 days. The water pressure washes away the protection and inflammation is guaranteed. Its signs:

increasing pain, gradually affecting neighboring areas;
as inflammation spreads, general signs of intoxication intensify: fever, aching joints, loss of strength;
swelling spreads to nearby areas;
the mucous membrane turns red-blue due to impaired blood supply;
bad odor from the problem area in which food debris accumulates.

All other complications also develop after the wound becomes infected. It is convenient to present their features in a table.

Type of complication	Description
Dry socket	The blood clot has not formed, recovery time is delayed, and there is a risk of alveolitis. Most often it happens during active rinsing. A dry socket should be shown to the dentist.
Osteomyelitis	A serious consequence when alveolitis spreads to the jaw bone. Inpatient treatment is required.
Nerve damage	If the tooth has massive roots, there is a possibility of nerve damage. All tissues near the tooth lose sensitivity. For treatment, a vitamin complex and medications are used that accelerate the transmission of nerve impulses to muscle tissue.
Cyst	A serious complication requires surgical methods of elimination.

After recovery, there is no need to delay prosthetics, since the absence of any unit of the dentition has a bad effect on the condition of the entire oral cavity.

Prosthetics

Types of pathology

Today, it is customary to distinguish several types of pathological bleeding: early and late, otherwise they are called primary and secondary. In the first case, we are talking about the fact that the blood does not stop for a long time immediately after the extraction of the diseased unit from the series. If the bleeding stopped quickly in the clinic, but started again at home, then secondary bleeding is occurring, and its causes should be investigated.

It is important to understand that during tooth extraction the surgeon applies quite a lot of force, which can damage blood vessels and unaffected soft tissues. This is why the appearance of blood is absolutely normal.

Only the dynamics of the development of the situation in the future and the patient’s well-being can indicate the beginning of the pathological process. To avoid complications, you should adhere to certain recommendations of a specialist, maintain oral hygiene and not injure the just operated area.

What can you do at home?

If the problem has not resolved itself within three hours, then the following tips will help you:

Apply a cold compress to your cheek. You can use a cold product or ice previously wrapped in cloth.
Roll up sterile gauze, apply to the hole and bite for 10-15 minutes.
Make strong tea. Soak a piece of bandage in liquid and apply to the damaged mucous membrane for 3-5 minutes.
If you experience high blood pressure, you need to normalize it with medication. The specific drug and dosage are prescribed by the doctor.

The main functions performed by such a “thrombus”

If a clot has formed at the site of the extracted tooth, then this is a good sign. It is this that protects a fresh wound from the aggressive environment of the oral cavity, where a large number of bacteria live. It also prevents saliva and food debris from entering injured tissues, protects them from the inflammatory process and related complications (alveolitis, abscess, gumboil, phlegmon, osteomyelitis).

The clot promotes the natural healing process of areas damaged during surgery. Moreover, some researchers claim that it even accelerates the process of tissue regeneration, and if it is not formed or falls out ahead of time, the rehabilitation period lasts longer.