Sinusitis or “viral”: how not to make a mistake with the treatment of a runny nose

Snot (nasal mucus) is a viscous muconasal secretion that has the consistency of mucus and is produced by the secretory glands of the nasal mucosa. The discharge of snot from the nose is called a runny nose or rhinorrhea (one of the symptoms of catarrhal rhinitis). Rhinitis in infants can have different etiologies and be the result of infectious diseases, allergic reactions, atrophic and neurovegetative processes.

Runny nose in infants is a common disease

Snot during teething is most often not associated with pathological changes in the functioning of the airways, and the causes of rhinorrhea during this period are physiological in nature. The use of traditional antiviral, antihistamine and antibacterial drops to treat such a runny nose is unjustified until the true cause of the appearance of snot is determined and the general condition of the child is assessed.

Snot during teething

Rhinorrhea during teething: causes

Baby teeth usually appear in babies at the age of 5-9 months, while the process of teething can begin much earlier - from 3-4 months. The gradual eruption of dental crowns is always accompanied by spontaneous opening of the gums.

Baby teething

This process is quite painful and gives the child a lot of unpleasant sensations and discomfort, so most children during this period become whiny, restless, and capricious. At the same time, almost 60% of infants experience another symptom that is considered characteristic of the eruption of baby teeth in the first year of life - a runny nose.

Teething is often accompanied by a runny nose

There are several reasons that can provoke the appearance of rhinorrhea during teething.

The process and timing of teething depend not only on inherited genetic parameters; the timing of teething can be influenced by external and internal factors. For example, climatic conditions, the course of pregnancy and the nature of nutrition of the mother and child after birth, illnesses of the baby, and more. Read more about the teething schedule for infants on our website.

Reduced immunoresistance

Weakening of immune function during the eruption of dental crowns is a natural reaction of the body to an internal factor that is a mediator of stress. Dentists note that most often, a pronounced immune disorder during this period is observed in children whose teeth appear too early (before 4 months), or, conversely, too late (after 10 months). The risk of a viral or bacterial infection is higher if the following factors are present:

• insufficient hygiene of the baby’s hands and skin;
• poor processing of children's bedding and underwear, toys, feeding utensils, pacifiers;
• irregular wet cleaning in the apartment (especially in the children's room);
• non-compliance with standards for ventilation and humidification of rooms in which the child spends most of his time;
• frequent appearance in crowded places.

Oral hygiene in children

If a child begins to teethe, contact with strangers or people who have recently had a respiratory disease should be temporarily prevented, since the risk of infection during this period is quite high for all children.

While your child is teething, it is worth protecting him as much as possible from possible airborne infections.

Note! Compliance with increased preventive measures during teething is recommended for children suffering from congenital autoimmune diseases (cystic fibrosis, agranulocytosis, diabetes mellitus, etc.).

Strengthening secretory function

A natural protective mechanism during teething is to increase the activity of secretory glands that produce salivary and muconasal secretions. Rhinorrhea is observed mainly in infants with manifestations of hypersalivation (increased salivation), since anatomically the nasopharynx and oropharynx have a similar structure and are located in close proximity to each other.

A runny nose usually bothers babies with increased salivation.

In this case, muconasal mucus is produced by surface epithelial cells located in the mucous membranes of the nose. The secretion contains not only water, mucus and epithelial particles, but also mucin - gel-like high molecular weight mucoproteins that contain a large amount of acidic polysaccharides. If the secretory glands work too actively, the amount of mucus secreted increases several times, which leads to its removal from the nasal cavity through the anatomical openings - the nostrils. In some cases, such snot can flow into the throat along the back wall of the pharynx, causing a cough, which many parents perceive as a symptom of a respiratory infection.

• How to deal with unpleasant odors in the home of a seriously ill person

Coughing may be normal during teething

Stimulation of blood circulation

During teething, the flow of blood and lymph to the vessels located in the oral cavity increases. Increased blood and lymph circulation also occurs in the vessels of the nasal cavity, which has a stimulating effect on the secretory glands and causes increased secretion of muconasal mucus, which is commonly called snot.

Clinical features

“Dental” rhinitis” (“dental runny nose”), which is a type of physiological runny nose, must be distinguished from pathological rhinitis, which can be infectious, allergic and neurovegetative in nature. The physiological secretion of nasal mucus against the background of changes occurring in the child’s body during the period of teething crowns has certain clinical features that need to be paid attention to. Such a runny nose is not accompanied by an increase in temperature, the release of thick yellow, brown or green snot, or the appearance of allergic reactions in the form of a rash or itchy skin.

If the baby has snot and saliva, but there is no fever, it means that another baby tooth will appear soon.

In this case, a dental runny nose may well occur against the background of a slight change in stool due to increased secretion of the salivary glands and the ingestion of a large amount of saliva, which mixes with food and dilutes its consistency. A deterioration in general well-being is also possible, since the process of teeth appearing is quite painful and unpleasant for the child. Physiological rhinitis may also be accompanied by other pathological symptoms, for example, cough, sleep disturbance or refusal to eat, but only a doctor can establish their relationship with the possible presence of infectious pathogens in the body.

Your baby may be fussy and have trouble sleeping during teething.

How to help a child

If at an appointment with a pediatrician it becomes clear that the baby has an acute respiratory viral infection due to teething, the doctor will immediately prescribe treatment. To be sure, you can take a blood test, which will show you what needs to be dealt with. Usually the baby is prescribed:

• vasoconstrictor droplets according to age;
• cough syrup with ambroxol to prevent sputum from stagnating;
• cough tablets - usually Septefril or Lizobact in the permitted dosage;
• saline solution for rinsing the nasal passages;
• antipyretic drugs, for example, Analdim suppositories or suspensions - Panadol, Nurofen.

All medications are prescribed by a doctor - self-medication in this case is unacceptable!

If we are not talking about ARVI, but about a normal reaction to teeth, then when the temperature rises, the baby is given antipyretics, and the nose is washed with saline solution. If the baby is too restless, the gums are smeared with a special anesthetic gel.

Snot on your teeth can be either normal or a sign of infection. It is not difficult to determine their nature - there are many signs that signal that a child has become infected with ARVI. If it is an infection, the mother’s task is to follow the pediatrician’s instructions and do the maximum to ensure that he recovers. To prevent the baby from becoming infected with the virus during the teething period, it is necessary to visit crowded places less (especially during epidemics), wash his toys more often, avoid overheating and hypothermia, and rinse his nose.

Comparative characteristics

To make it easier for parents to navigate the clinical features of rhinitis in infants, the table below provides a comparative description of various types of runny nose with characteristic symptoms and signs.

How to distinguish dental rhinitis from pathological runny nose?

An infectious runny nose is also characterized by nasal congestion, impaired nasal breathing, and the appearance of other symptoms of various respiratory diseases.

If your child has a fever, you should call a pediatrician

With allergic rhinorrhea, a child may experience skin itching, rashes and other signs of allergy typical for this group of diseases.

Other signs of teething

If a baby has clear snot running from his nose for several days in a row, but the child himself feels well and the body temperature remains within normal limits, it is necessary to carefully examine the oral cavity and skin. If pathological rashes and scratching marks are detected on the skin, you should immediately contact an allergist. If everything is fine with the skin, you should conduct a visual examination of the oral cavity. If, along with a runny nose, swelling and redness of the gums are noticeable, most likely the discharge is associated with the process of teething.

• What does snot with blood mean when you have sinusitis? How do you know when you need to see a doctor?

The following symptoms can also be considered signs of the imminent appearance of the first teeth:

• increased secretion of saliva (hypersalivation);
• itching of the gums (the child constantly pulls surrounding objects into his mouth and gnaws on them);

  The child massages his gums, sucking and trying to gnaw toys and his fingers with his gums

• stool liquefaction;
• crying and restless behavior during feeding (the child should not twist his legs or pull them towards his stomach);

  The baby may not eat well or cry while eating

• the appearance of dense bumps on the surface of the nose.

If the lump turns white, or there are clear signs of gum opening around it, it means that the tooth will erupt within the next 5-7 days.

The lump becomes white, or there are clear signs of gum opening around it

How to alleviate the child's condition?

Until the tooth appears on the surface of the gum, the baby may behave restlessly, cry all the time and even refuse to eat - this condition is caused by pain.

In order to help your child cope with illness and reduce discomfort, below are the basic recommendations for parents.

Cleaning your nose from snot

Carefully clean the baby's nose of accumulated mucus - since an infant does not know how to blow his nose, use a special aspirator to remove the secretions.

To maintain local immunity and the required level of hydration of the mucous membranes, use saline solutions.

This can be a physiological solution of sodium chloride or one of the pharmaceutical preparations based on sterile sea water - Marimer, Aqualor, Aquamaris, Dolphin, Otrivin Sea .

Elimination of swelling and pain

To relieve pain and swelling of the gum tissue, you can use homeopathic medicines, for example, Dentokind tablets. The composition of the drug includes plant components and microelements.

When it comes into contact with the mucous membranes of the mouth when interacting with saliva, the tablet itself disintegrates, so parents can safely give the drug to their infant.

Thanks to its composition, Dentokind normalizes body temperature elevated to subfebrile levels (37.0-37.5), eliminates diarrhea, relieves pain (including ear pain), relieves swelling of the mucous membranes and helps increase the body's defenses.

As soon as the first symptoms of teething appear, the baby should be given 1 tablet every 2 hours, but no more than 8 tablets per day - on the first day. On the second and subsequent days, the drug is given 3 times a day, 1 tablet.

Dentokind tablets contain lactose monohydrate, so the drug is not suitable for children with lactase deficiency and individual intolerance to this component.

Before you start using them, you should definitely consult a doctor, especially if your baby has previously suffered from allergies or intolerance to any medications.

Hygiene

Keep your baby's hands and toys clean, which he constantly puts in his mouth - loose gums are easy to scratch, and the damaged area will become an entry point for pathogenic bacteria to enter.

Before giving rubber teethers and toys to a child, be sure to wash them with laundry soap and pour boiling water over them.

Also, monitor the condition of your baby’s nails and trim them in a timely manner so that the child does not accidentally injure his gums.

Help with fever

If necessary, if the child’s body temperature has increased (up to 38 degrees) or, despite following all the recommendations given, the baby is capricious and restless, you can give a paracetamol-based suspension:

• Efferalgan;
• Calpol;
• Panadol.

You can also put a suppository in the rectum with the same active ingredient - Paracetamol , Cefekon D. These drugs, in addition to their antipyretic effect, perfectly relieve pain and swelling of tissues. The suspension and suppositories can be used from 2.5 months of a child’s life according to the age dosage.

During the teething period, new complementary foods should not be introduced into the baby's diet - this can lead to disruptions in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system.

As for the general regime of a teething baby, monitor the air temperature in the room (not higher than 20 degrees), humidity and ventilate the room more often.

These measures reduce the risk of viral infection against a background of weakened immunity and prevent mucus from drying out in the nasopharynx. If the child’s body temperature is normal, then no one cancels walks.

Is it necessary to treat “tooth” snot?

One of the most common mistakes that many parents make if their child develops snot is to independently use various medications to combat this problem. The first place in this list is traditionally occupied by various anticongestive drugs that cause constriction of blood vessels and are intended to relieve swelling in the nasal cavity. Such drugs include drops “Nazivin”, “Naphthyzin”, “Xylometazoline” and other drugs with a similar mechanism of action.

The main component of the drug is oxymetazoline hydrochloride

Anticongestants have a large number of side effects, the main of which are the rapid addictive effect and gradual atrophy of the nasal mucosa, which can ultimately lead to the development of chronic atrophic rhinitis. The use of these medications is justified only in severe cases, when the child cannot breathe normally due to severe swelling of the mucous membrane, which happens mainly with infectious rhinitis. Antihistamines that block the production of the main mediator of inflammatory reactions (histamine) are also unacceptable for the treatment of physiological rhinorrhea associated with teething.

Important! Despite the fact that the use of traditional remedies for snot associated with teething is not recommended, it is impossible to completely refuse treatment, since stagnation of mucus in the nose creates an excellent breeding ground for various bacteria and can cause serious complications: otitis media, bronchitis, etc. .d.

The tooth came out, but the runny nose does not go away

If the tooth has already erupted, but the runny nose still does not go away, and the child feels satisfactory, his body temperature is normal, and the snot retains a watery consistency, perhaps the reason is improper hygienic care and non-compliance with sanitary standards. For the normal functioning of the nasal mucosa, constant hydration is necessary: ​​moistened epithelium effectively binds particles of dust and dirt and removes them from the nasal cavity, preventing them from penetrating further into the airways.

To create physiologically correct conditions for normal functioning of the mucous membranes, it is necessary:

• maintain the required temperature in the children's room (about 20°-22°C for games and 16°-18°C for sleeping);
• ventilate the room at least 6-8 times a day, each ventilation should last about 10-15 minutes;

  Don't forget to ventilate the nursery

• regularly carry out wet cleaning, remove dust from furniture, clean toys and carpets (ideally, it is better to remove carpets, thick curtains, books and soft toys from the baby’s room);
• Do not use disinfectants during cleaning (plain water is fine).

  Do wet cleaning at least three times a week

Strengthening the immune system is also of great importance, which consists of compliance with the vaccination calendar and the introduction of complementary foods, frequent walks, adequate temperature and movement conditions, and hardening procedures.

Video – Komarovsky about runny nose and teething

Rhinorrhea (snot) during teething is a very common occurrence that should not be confused with an infectious runny nose. Under no circumstances should you give your child antiviral drugs, immunomodulators, antihistamines and anticongestive drugs without consulting your doctor. In most cases, such a runny nose goes away on its own after teething, and to relieve it, it is enough to adhere to a certain hygiene regimen. Read the article for strong painkillers for toothache.

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When should you consult a doctor?

Of course, when your baby starts teething, it's best to take him to the pediatrician to make sure that the symptoms of this condition are not the first signs of a cold.

If necessary, a specialist will help you choose a drug in the form of a gel to lubricate swollen and painful gums.

Reasons to immediately consult a doctor are:

• an increase in the child’s body temperature to 38.5 degrees;
• lethargy, drowsiness and increasing weakness in the child;
• diarrhea with mucus and undigested food;
• vomit;
• dry cough;
• nasal congestion and thick yellow or green mucus.

Remember that when a child’s teeth grow rapidly, the immune system weakens, and the body is sometimes unable to resist infection. In order to avoid possible complications in your baby, do not blame any snot or cough on your teeth.

Doctor Komarovsky about runny nose and teeth

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